Configuration and Maintenance Options for Low Aspect Ratio Tokamaks

X. R. Wang, F. Najmabadi and M. S. Tillack

Fusion Energy Research Program
University of California, San Diego
San Diego, CA 92093-0417

The configuration and maintenance procedures for a power plant based on a low-aspect-ratio (LAR) tokamak are likely to be very different than a "standard tokamak". Power plants with aspect ratios in the range of 1.4--1.6 and plasma elongation of ~3 have been examined to better understand the unique advantages and disadvantages of this concept, and to determine whether it is capable of meeting the top-level goals for availability and maintainability which are so important for the overall attractiveness of a fusion power plant.

In the ARIES-RS tokamak design, horizontal maintenance through large ports in the vacuum vessel was adopted. The possibility for demountable copper coils, which are likely to be used with a LAR tokamak, opens up several new possibilities for maintenance. Three major classes of maintenance have been explored: (1) Vertical maintenance from the top. All replaceable items would be lifted out of the top of the machine. The lifting and positioning capability of the overhead crane and the supporting structure are major concerns. This concept also requires a strong, tall building (~40m). (2) Vertical maintenance from the bottom. All replaceable items would be lowered out the bottom of the machine with hydraulic jacks. The building size could be reduced, but a pit would needed for the hyraulic equipment. The jacking system can provide a better capability to handle loads and position components. (3) Horizontal maintenance. One or more (up to half) of the outer parts of the TF coils would be removed to gain access to the power core. This requires a large volume surrounding the machine for the upward and downward movement of the superconducting PF coils and horizontal removal of the power core components.

* Work supported by U.S. DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences.